puma punku map
Several stones have been repurposed for other construction projects, and scholars also believe that many pieces of jewelry, ornaments, metal artifacts, and bright potsherds have been dug up and removed. It is 167.4 metres (549 feet) wide along its northsouth axis and 116.7 metres (383 feet) long along its eastwest axis. (Video), When Faith and Power Clash: How Christianity Divided the Roman Empire (Video), Medieval Maverick: Roger Bacon's Quest for Knowledge and Truth, The Life and Times of Mansa Musa: The Richest Man in History, Fathoming the Ruins of Yanmen Shan Mountain and the Biggest Cut Rocks in the World, Sacred Treasure Hunt: In Pursuit of the Elusive Ark of the Covenant (Video). The foundation platform of Pumapunku supported as many as eight andesite gateways. The sheer number of megalithic stones found at Puma Punku are amongst the largest found on the planet. [56], "nested square" symbol inside one "H-block". The second largest stone block found within the complex is 7.90 metres (25.9 feet) long, 2.50 metres (8feet 2inches) wide, and averages 1.86 metres (6feet 1inch) thick. [3], The largest of Pumapunku's stone blocks is 7.81 metres (25.6 feet) long, 5.17 metres (17.0 feet) wide, averages 1.07 metres (3feet 6inches) thick, and is estimated to weigh about 131 tonnes (144 short tons). [2][3][4][5][8], The area within the kilometer separating the Pumapunku and Kalasasaya complexes was surveyed using ground-penetrating radar, magnetometry, induced electrical conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility. And then one day, suddenly, the inhabitants of Pumapunku vanished and a great civilization came toppling down. We may add one more possible clue to this story. These structures include the wall foundations of buildings and compounds, water conduits, pool-like features, revetments, terraces, residential compounds, and widespread gravel pavements, all of which are buried and hidden beneath the modern ground surface. In sharp contrast, the cramps used at the Akapana canal were fashioned by the cold hammering of copper-arsenic-nickel bronze ingots. I noticed that, whenever Puma Punku is being discussed, people often ask whether or not the H-Blocks were designed to interconnect. She is the Chief Editor of Ancient Origins Magazine. Excavations documented "three major building epochs plus repairs and re-modeling". Even the Mayans state the world had been destroyed and rebuilt seven (?) Why would it take them so damn long to come up with the transition from hunter/gatherers to agriculture/civilization only about 7000 years ago? The red sandstone and andesite stones were cut in such a precise way that they fit perfectly into and lock with each other without using mortar. The place is filled with portal locations and even star-maps and portal maps to the sun and how to open them, and also with what you need to reach the portals and when they open/how to open . The backside of the gateway of the sun has patterns which can be found on the stone slabs and gates of Pumapunku. If these statues are former rulers of the region, how do the co-called mainstream archaeologists explain the statues and with full heavy beards? [34], At Pumapunku and other areals of Tiwanaku such as Kantatayita doubly curved lintels with complicated surfaces were found. Even today, the fashioning of these megaliths can only be accomplished with advanced diamond-tipped saws and drill bits. Reconstruction of the Puma Punku Temple or PumaGate 3D Twinmotion 2022.1 - YouTube 0:00 / 10:05 Reconstruction of the Puma Punku Temple or PumaGate 3D Twinmotion 2022.1 Surreal 3D Animator. To support this theory, they point to the evidence that some structures, including the Gate of the Sun, werent brought down by time or looters; they were deliberately torn down and broken. Puma Punku - Google My Maps Puma Punku Puma Punku Sign in Open full screen to view more This map was created by a user. Bernab Cobo reports that one Gateway and one "window" was still standing on one of the platforms.[6]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=e2qE0lOIBtE. [41] According to Alan Kolata the terraced platform mound depicted on the gateway of the sun is actually a stylized depiction of Pumapunku. Built over 800 years ago from massive basalt rocks, this lost city is nestled in the dense jungle and mangroves. The eastern edge of the Pumapunku is occupied by the Plataforma Ltica. Amateur archaeological excavation and looting are believed to have occurred repeatedly over the centuries. The geophysical data collected from these surveys and excavations indicate the presence of numerous man-made structures in the area between the Pumapunku and Kalasasaya complexes. Spanish Conquistadors and others who visited the site during the 16th and 17th centuries described it as a wondrous, though unfinished, building with gateways and windows carved from single blocks., Pumapunku displayed a level of craftsmanship that was largely unparalleled in the pre-Columbian New World, and its often considered the architectural peak of Andean lithic technology prior to the arrival of the Europeans. [19] Within Peru T-shaped sockets can also be found at the Qorikancha and Ollantaytambo. Mapcarta, the open map. A look at the archaeological site of Puma Punku. [26], At least five gateways (and several blind miniature gateways) were once (or were intended to be) integrated into the Pumapunku monumental complex. Available at: http://www.ancient-wisdom.com/boliviapumapunka.htm, Darin, P. (2014) Enduring Mystery Surrounds the Ancient Site of Puma Punku. Epoch Times. [12] One common engineering technique involves cutting the top of the lower stone at a certain angle, and placing another stone on top of it which was cut at the same angle. The excavation trenches of Vranich show the clay, sand, and gravel fill of the Pumapunku complex were laid directly on the sterile middle Pleistocene sediments. It grew and expanded as its people did, reflecting the increasing power of the civilization that built and rebuilt it over hundreds of years. By bringing together top experts and authors, this archaeology website explores lost civilizations, examines sacred writings, tours ancient places, investigates ancient discoveries and questions mysterious happenings. ( saiko3p /Adobe Stock). A Visual Tour (Video), Behind the Scenes of Ancient Greece: Exploring the Daily Life of its People (Video), Trove of Ancient Artifacts Discovered in Paestum Include Dolphin Statuette of Eros, TheiaGreek Goddess of Light, the Sun, the Moon, and Wisdom, Greeces East Attica In Antiquity: Playground Of Gods, Heroes And Heroines, A Face to the Legend: The Quest to Reconstruct Cleopatra's Look (Video), Aspasia - The Real-Life Helen of Troy? Tiwanaku & Puma Punku - Private Service. The most intriguing thing about Puma Punku is the stonework. The blocks were fit together like a puzzle, forming load-bearing joints. All we have to go on are the magnificent stones that remain. In the past, the Tiwanaku culture had made the area an agricultural and trading center which may have supported up to 400,000 people during its heyday. Though its clear the writing is in the roman alphabet, its meaning remains indecipherable. This remains true for both academic archaeologists and historians as well as rogue historians who investigate the hypothesis of advanced prehistoric civilizations or ancient assistance from extraterrestrials. Chachapumas usually were placed on andesite pedestals on either side of the entrance. A llama herder, for example, was lower in the social hierarchy than the man who owned the llamas but it was the owners responsibility to provide for the laborer. And while some people may seem content with the story as it stands, our view is that there existcountless mysteries, scientific anomalies and surprising artifacts thathave yet to be discovered and explained. Who Were the Ancient Race of Red Haired Giants? Their creator god is believed to be depicted in the famous Sun Gate , which many scholars think was once located at Puma Punku and only later moved to Kalassaya. The abrupt end to the last ice age about 10,000 years ago raised sea levels rapidly enough to throw down that civilization, causing a return to primitive ways. Pieces of Pumapunku that show the complex system by which the bricks were slotted together. This has led some to suggest that the most plausible explanation is violent internal social upheaval, a kind of implosion that tore Tiwanaku society apart. [12] Some of the stones are in an unfinished state, showing some of the techniques used to shape them. What is Gobekli Tepe? [48][49], Apparently, this culture dissolved abruptly some time around AD 1000, and researchers can only guess the reasons. Several conflicting theories attempt to imagine the ways this labor force transported the stones, although these theories remain speculative. The Pumapunku complex consists of an unwalled western court, a central unwalled esplanade, a terraced platform mound that is faced with stone, and a walled eastern court. Puma Punku Stone Blocks Bolivia. Ruins of Pumapunku or Puma Punku part of a large temple complex or monument group that is part of the Tiwanaku Site near Tiwanaku Bolivia Puma Punku - Bolivia Ancient Carved Stone Blocks Stone Gate at Kalasayaya temple, Tiahuanaco, Bolivia Megalithic stone in Bolivia Did The Vikings Use a Solar Stone Crystal to Navigate Cloudy Seas? [20] The cramp technique can also be found at buildings of Ancient Egypt (e. g. at the temple of Khnum) and Ancient Greece (e. g. at the Erechtheion). It is believed to date to AD 536. These sculptures show fearsome traits of predatory animals, they crouch or kneel while clutching a human head in one hand and an axe in the other. What is it, what was it? Next, check out some of the worlds oldest structures. One of the most interesting is Puma Punku. Many of them had similar myths and architectural styles that hint strongly at having common roots, something which has long puzzled archeologists. A neighboring complex appears to have burned, and some vessels that appear to have been dedicated to food storage were smashed. What is the origin of the legend of the Christed Son who was born of a virgin on December 25th? A likely scenario involves rapid onset extended drought. Study Shows Giza Pyramid Concentrates Energy Within its Chambers. February 5, 2023. by Dean Johnston. (2018) Reconstructing ancient architecture at Tiwanaku, Bolivia: the potential and promise of 3D printing. Heritage Science . The others include Akapana, Akapana East, Kalasasaya, Putuni, and the Semi-Subterranean Temple. (Adwo /Adobe Stock). Puma punku was a terraced earthen mound originally faced with megalithic blocks, each weighing several tens of tons. Appearing to depict modern or extraterrestrial vehicles, some claim that the Turkeys atalhyk settlement, which developed between 7,500 BC and 6,400 BC, is often referred to as the worlds first, and oldest, metropolitan city, and for good reason. Even accounting for the population growth/spread necessary to facilitate the transition, this seems like a LONG time before humans became civilized. Seems to me the natives of the region cant grow a full beard. (2018) El misterio de Puma Punku. Amarilo. Ecolodge Puma Punku is situated nearby to Embarcadero de Pilcu and Pilko Kaina. 33 Hells Angels Photos That Put You Inside The Notorious Biker Gang, Bollywood Star Sentenced To Prison For 20-Year-Old Poaching, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. This theory was first widely expounded by Graham Hancock, and he continues to be its champion: Modern archaeologists are not about to entertain the idea of using lasers, ancient alien visitations, or otherworldly means of transporting blocks of stone for miles without any mechanized vehicles. Were theonlyPop Archaeology site combining scientific research with out-of-the-box perspectives. Posnansky, who worked at the site for decades, estimated that Puma Punku was far older than academics surmised. Stone blocks at Puma Punku, Bolivia. Though its clear the writing is in the roman alphabet, its meaning remains indecipherable. Tags: Andalusia. [] A variant of this argument is that Tiahuanacoid elements were brought to Ollantaytambo by [] stonemasons from Lake Titicaca. 2 Full-day Tours from $135.00 per adult (price varies by group size) Tour in Tiwanaku Archaeological Ruins 15 Bus Tours from $37.95 per adult Private Tour: Tiwanaku Archeological Site from La Paz 3 Bus Tours from $126.00 per adult (price varies by group size) 10-Day Private Journey Peru and Bolivia 2 (2013) Puma Punku, el lugar de los bloques imposibles. Arquehistoria. See our, Here we are, a century-and-a-half later, and irrepressible rumors continue to grow that Puma Punkus massively heavy stone block structures were cut so precisely that, the ruins were reminiscent of a giant Lego set, and he said, We attempted to capitalize on archaeologists learned ability to visualize and mentally rotate irregular objects in space by providing them with 3-D printed objects that they could physically manipulate., that Puma Punku was an advanced Andean architectural achievement. One of the great enigmas of the modern era washed up on the shores of Plougastel-Daoulas, a small village in France, 300 miles west of Paris, and is now attracting international attention. Some authors believe that the Chachapumas demanded a "sacrifice" of humans when entering the monumental structures. Archeologists have theorized that this was perhaps a requisite part of spiritual life, meant to transform the experience of the temple into something life-changing and mystical. The dead were often mummified, and occasionally bones show evidence of heavy cuts and scratch marks suggesting defleshing with sharp tools may have been a regular part of Tiwanaku burial practices. [14] According to the art historian Jessica Joyce Christie, the experiments of Jean-Pierre Protzen and Stella Nair showed that the Tiwanaku artisans may have possessed additional tools which facilitated the creation of exact geometric cuts and forms and of which archeology has no record at this time.[15]. . , noted that the massive chunks of granite were seemingly scattered around like childrens toy blocks as if a giant cataclysm laid waste to Puma Punku in one fell swoop. Available at: http://arquehistoria.com/puma-punku-el-lugar-de-los-bloques-imposibles-15941, Robinson, J.P. (2019) The High-Tech Stonework of the Ancients: Unsolved Mysteries of Master Engineers. Ancient Origins. Therefore some assume that the gateway of the sun once formed the main entrance to Pumapunku.[43]. The amazing stonecutting technology at Puma Punku has hardly gone unnoticed. Plague, one of the deadliest diseases in human history, has a haunting legacy of mass sickness and destruction. Stone carvings depict Tiwanaku warriors taking just such captives and collecting trophy skulls, supporting the belief that human sacrifice was primarily a punishment meted out to members of opposing tribes. The mummies of Puma Punku, preserved on one of the Tiwanakus most sacred sites, provide evidence that all members of society from infants to the elderly regularly used psychoactive, hallucinogenic plants. In the legends, it is said that this is where all of humanitys ancestors, people of various ethnicities, set out to populate the world. . The Pumapunku complex is an alignment of plazas and ramps centered on the Pumapunku platform mound. 'In Bolivia, Great Excavations; Tiwanaku Digs Unearthing New History of the New World', Lechtman, H.N., 1998, 'Architectural cramps at Tiwanaku: copper-arsenic-nickel bronze.' It was larger than two football fields laid side to side, and its red sandstone walls would have glowed in the sun. Other stone art depicts what archeologists think is the veneration of ancestors. The purpose of the enormous structures has yet to be explained. The spiritual significance and the sense of wonder might be amplified into a "mind-altering and life-changing experience"[46] through the use of hallucinogenic plants. The famed white villages of Andalusia Spain, also known as the "pueblos blancos of Andaluca", are the main reason we finally made our way to this part of the country. The second is simpler: we just weren't looking for them. Ernenweini, E. G., and M. L. Konns, 2007, Williams, P. R., N. C. Couture and D. Blom, 2007. The technical finesse and precision displayed in these stone blocks is astounding. Jean-Pierre Protzen and Stella Nair identified a 1 to 1.5 millimeters thick thin coat of whiteish material covering some of the stones as a possible layer of mortar. Interviews with modern day stonemasons have revealed that even with todays advanced technology, it would be extremely difficult to replicate the precision observed in the stones found at Puma Punku. So where does this leave us? The fragments of five andesite gateways with similar characteristics to the Gateway of the Sun were found. It then took thousands of years for humanity to recover. Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons. Even with modern-day technology and information, these structures defy logic and confound those who seek to solve the mysteries that lie within them. According to the local myths, Puma Punku is related to the gods and the time of the first creation. Where Did Humans Originate, Earth or Outer Space? C14, calibrated date). ( A. Vranich, 2018 ). C14 (AD 440; calibrated, AD 536-600). These stones, he wrote, suggest prefabrication not found at the other Tiwanaku sites. Archeologists estimate that at its peak between 700 and 1,000 CE, the Tiwanaku site (a cluster of monuments that includes Pumapunku) was occupied by some 400,000 people. Available at: https://www.ancient-origins.net/unexplained-phenomena/stonework-0011405, Vranich, A. More alternative suggestions say the stones could have been moved with some sort of large lifting vehicles which mainstream archaeologists do not believe existed in the area at the time. These I-shaped cramps were also used on a section of canal found at the base of the terraced platform mound Akapana at Tiwanaku. Precisely cut H-shaped blocks at Puma Punku. This layer was deposited during the first of three construction epochs, and dates the initial construction of the Pumapunku to AD 536600 (1510 25 B.P. The inhabitants of Pumapunku worshiped many gods, most with an agricultural bent, and a creator god who drew the Tiwanaku people from the rocks. There is justification for the theory that a world-spanning civilization, with complex architecture and trade, could have existed 10,000 to 15,000 years ago and was subsequently devastated when the last ice age ended. At the west entrance of Pumapunku Totora-reed stones were found. Out of Place Artifacts; Who Really Discovered America? In this isolated part of the world stand amazing smooth stone structures featuring precision-made cuts, clean right angles, and expertly fitted joints. The pagan traditions associated with it have survived through the centuries, with many still A large Viking burial mound found on the island of Karmy off Norways western coast was long thought to be empty. Puma Punku shatters all traditional views on ancient cultures. Pumapunku, The Ancient Ruins Where The Inca Believed The World Began. Like the Inca after them, they practiced human sacrifice, disemboweling and dismembering victims as part of a ritual dedication to the gods. At Pumapunku several miniature gates which are perfect replicas of once standing full-size gateways were found. David Childress, the author of Lost Cities and Ancient Mysteries of South America, noted that the massive chunks of granite were seemingly scattered around like childrens toy blocks as if a giant cataclysm laid waste to Puma Punku in one fell swoop. [25] Similarities between Ollantaytambo and Tiwanaku were also noticed by Heinrich Ubbelohde-Doering, Alphons Stbel and Max Uhle. Places like Nan Madol, Gobekli Tepe, the Hawara plain, Puma Punku and others on every continent have been shown to date at over 10,000 years old. Refresh the page, check Medium 's site status, or find. Beneath the kilometer of arid earth that separates Pumapunku from the nearby Kalasasaya monument, archeologists and surveyors have discovered hundreds of buried homes and the evidence of vast irrigation systems that would have turned the surrounding desert green. Visitors still marvel at the geometric wonders of the matching H-shaped blocks with approximately 80 faces placed in a row, and the precise cuts and the regularity of the stones suggesting prefabrication and mass production were employed. 12 Spectacular Pueblos Blancos: A 2023 Andalusian Road Trip. Im no scientist, but it seems as if humans should have figured it out a really long time ago. Download scientific diagram | Topographic and plan view of the Pumapunku from publication: Reconstructing ancient architecture at Tiwanaku, Bolivia: the potential and promise of 3D printing . Vranich said the ruins were reminiscent of a giant Lego set, and he said, We attempted to capitalize on archaeologists learned ability to visualize and mentally rotate irregular objects in space by providing them with 3-D printed objects that they could physically manipulate., Gizmodo notes that Puma Punku was an advanced Andean architectural achievement. 3.7M views 1 year ago The ancient ruins of Puma Punku have mystified archaeologists ever since their discovery. Card notes that Pumapunku is a fixture of books and television programs on alternative archeology and especially ancient aliens. But the temple the Tiwanaku knew during the height of their empire would have been magnificent. Pumapunku's core consists of clay, while the fill under parts of its edge consists of river sand and cobbles instead of clay. The Controversial Lapedo Child A Neanderthal / Human Hybrid? Of course, we really enjoyed our previous visits to . Who didnt like these noses to dothisso consistently and violently, across continents? It is one of the main features of the Pre-Columbian Tiwanaku archaeological complex , which also includes the Akapana and Akapana East stepped platforms, the Kalasasaya, Putuni, and Kheri Kala enclosures, and the Semi-Subterranean Temple. Researchers at UC Berkeley, USA, created accurate, 3D-printed miniature models of architectural fragments to reconstruct the Puma Punku building in the Tiwanaku site. Current understanding of this complex is limited due to its age, the lack of a written record, and the current deteriorated state of the structures due to treasure hunting, looting, stone mining for building stone and railroad ballast, and natural weathering. According to some research, the human species has been around for up to 200,000 years, and has been pretty smart from the start. Puma Punku Bolivia, translated as "Gate of the Puma" in the Quechua language, is a 6 th century archeological site with numerous ancient temples and forms part of Tiahuanaco (an ancient civic and sacred site with pyramids, gateways and monuments), in western Bolivia. Google Earth Image Shows Massive Alien Face In Antarctica, Russian Archeologists Find Elongated Skull with Perfect Teeth. . [7], The other stonework and facing of the Pumapunku consists of a mixture of andesite and red sandstone. These stones, he wrote, suggest prefabrication not found at the other Tiwanaku sites. The architectural historian Jean-Pierre Protzen from University of California, Berkeley states that in the past it often has been argued that among the buildings at Ollantaytambo the monumental structures (e. g. the Wall of the six monoliths) were the work of the earlier Tiwanaku culture and have been reused by the Incas: An argument persists that the Wall of the six monoliths and the vanished structures from which the blocks have been recycled predate the Incas and were work of the earlier Tiahuanaco culture. This is part of the reason why many people have suggested that the ancient inhabitants of Puma Punku had received outside help to create the site. A link to reset your password has been sent to you. This area might be the center of the Andean world, attracting pilgrims from far away to marvel in its beauty. The other three structures are the Akapana Pyramid, the Kalasasaya Platform, and the Subterranean Temple. Neolithic Stone Balls: The Northern Rosetta Stone? Skeptic. Although the Puma Punku megaliths are the most eye-catching aspects of the site, the majority of the architecture is made up of smaller stones. [12] Modern engineers argue that base of Pumapunku was constructed using a technique called layering and depositing. Even today, the stonework of the temple is considered so precise that ancient alien enthusiasts, it was made by lasers and other extraterrestrial technologies., Lost Cities and Ancient Mysteries of South America. Considered to be an architectural wonder of its time (AD 500-950), Puma Punku has been ransacked over the last 500 years to a point where none of the remaining 150 blocks that . There is also evidence of buried homes and irrigation systems laying beneath and between the various features of the Tiwanaku complex. Jean-Pierre Protzen and Stella Nair point out that the "steep parabolic curve" of the doubly curved lintels (like the one of the Kantatayita lintel) would be difficult to replicate for modern stonemasons ("would tax any stonemason's skills today"). Originally in English - 2021 Dale: Puma Punku. The mummies of Pumapunku have another fascinating story to tell. Spanish Conquistadors and others who visited the site during the 16th and 17th centuries described it as a wondrous, though unfinished, building with gateways and windows carved from single blocks., Pumapunku displayed a level of craftsmanship that was largely unparalleled in the pre-Columbian New World, and its often considered the architectural peak of Andean lithic technology prior to the arrival of the Europeans. Get instant access to free videos, helpful articles, and exclusive offers. Tiwanaku engineers were also adept at developing a civic infrastructure at this complex, constructing functional irrigation systems, hydraulic mechanisms, and waterproof sewage lines. Thegoal of Ancient Origins is to highlight recent archaeological discoveries, peer-reviewed academic research and evidence, as well as offering alternative viewpoints and explanations of science, archaeology, mythology, religion and history around the globe. [30] When reducing the full-sized monumental architecture to miniature architecture the Tiahuanacans applied a specific formula. We seek to retell the story of our beginnings. Aneeka of Temmer - Puma Punku, Machu Picchu and more - Extraterrestrial Bases. Even today, the stonework of the temple is considered so precise that ancient alien enthusiasts claim it was made by lasers and other extraterrestrial technologies.. The Pumapunku complex is an alignment of plazas and ramps centered on the Pumapunku platform mound. I am sure you are familiar with his legend which states that he was born in a manger surrounded by shepherds, What's your favourite Fairy Tales (and their possible origins), about Fathoming the Ruins of Yanmen Shan Mountain and the Biggest Cut Rocks in the World, about Ancient Egyptian Weapons: The Evolution of Warfare, about The Cataclysm of Ra: Saving Humankind from Hathor Using Beer, about Helicopter Hieroglyphs?
