what kind of cancer did michael crichton die of

Michael Crichton, here in 2005, was a director and best-selling author. Mr. SAM NEILL: (As Dr. Alan Grant) Say again. [6][7], Crichton later recalled, "Roslyn was another world. [26] He never obtained a license to practice medicine, devoting himself to his writing career instead. [27] Reflecting on his career in medicine years later, Crichton concluded that patients too often shunned responsibility for their own health, relying on doctors as miracle workers rather than advisors. In the early days, Michael had just sold The Andromeda Strain to Robert Wise at Universal and I had recently signed on as a contract TV director there. WebAs it was Dr. Crichtons wish that it be kept private, I wont speculate myself. Never forget which president started the EPA: Richard Nixon. In announcing his death, the family called him a great storyteller who challenged our preconceived notions about the world around us. "ER" offered a fresh take on the TV medical drama, making doctors the central focus rather than patients. [21][22] In 1969, Crichton wrote a review for The New Republic (as J. Michael Crichton), critiquing Slaughterhouse-Five by Kurt Vonnegut. The master of the "techno thriller," Michael Crichton, has died at the age of 66. When asked in an online Q&A if he were a spiritual person, Crichton responded The novel was made into a film the same year, directed by Barry Levinson and starring Michael Douglas and Demi Moore. Cancer What kind of Cancer did Michael Crichton die? - Answers It featured plot elements similar to those previously used in Congo. [140][141], While writing Next, Crichton concluded that laws covering genetic research desperately needed to be revised, and spoke to congressional staff members about problems ahead. It was the British-turned-American writer Christopher Hitchens, in search of refreshment. [62] The film, directed by Spielberg, was released in 1993. The author agreed on the provision that he could direct the film. When drafting a novel, which would typically take him six or seven weeks, Crichton withdrew completely to follow what he called "a structured approach" of ritualistic self-denial. As a result, the book has been criticized harshly by feminist commentators and accused of anti-feminism. Wiki User. Michael was a gentle soul who reserved his flamboyant side for his novels. How? [67] In March 1994, Crichton said there would probably be a sequel novel as well as a film adaptation, stating that he had an idea for the novel's story. Books. He had been involved in several lawsuits with others claiming credit for his work. Using published UN data, he argued that claims for catastrophic warming arouse doubt; that reducing CO2 is vastly more difficult than is commonly presumed. He testified on the subject before Congress in 2005. Released by Eidos Interactive on November 10, 2000, for the PC, the game received negative reviews. The only possible explanation for our behavior is amnesia. And part of that is just a reflection of my own interest, following different areas and saying, you know, look what they're doing now. It was a featured selection of the Book-of-the-Month Club and was sold to Universal in Hollywood for $250,000. You know, they're going to - there's this guy in Australia who's getting DNA fragments out off fossils. The novel's central premise is that climate scientists exaggerate global warming. And it needs to be apolitical. Name-Calling in Michael Crichton's 'Next', Writer Crichton Questions Global Warming Fears. [6], In 1992, Crichton was ranked among People magazine's 50 most beautiful people. During medical school, he turned out books under pseudonyms. What kind of Cancer did Michael Crichton die from? Michael Crichton dies aged 66 In the spirit of his science fiction writing, Crichton details research on nuclear winter and SETI Drake equations relative to global warming science.[138]. "I said, `Wow, this is like my life.' It defined basic computer jargon and assured readers that they could master the machine when it inevitably arrived. WebMichael Crichtons Death Cause and Date Born (Birthday) Oct 23, 1942 Death Date November 4, 2008 Age of Death 66 years Cause of Death Lymphoma Profession [145][146] This species was concluded to be dubious however,[147] and some of the diagnostic fossil material was then transferred into the new binomial Crichtonpelta benxiensis,[146] also named in his honor. Crichton was invited to testify before the Senate in September 2005, as an "expert witness on global warming". His fourth marriage was to Anne-Marie Martin and lasted five years, ending in 2003. The book was adapted into the 1993 film directed by Philip Kaufman and starring Sean Connery and Wesley Snipes, released the same year as the adaptation of Jurassic Park.[64][65]. [86][87][88], It was later announced that his unpublished works will be adapted into TV shows and movies in collaboration with CrichtonSun and Range Media Partners. Top-selling author Michael Crichton has died of cancer in Los Angeles. The shows announcer since 2011, Jim Thornton, took over the hosting duties mid-show. Crichton himself directed and wrote "The Great Train Robbery" and he co-wrote the script for the blockbuster "Twister.". Michael Crichton was born on October 23, 1942. LOS ANGELES, California (CNN) -- Michael Crichton, who helped create the TV show "ER" and wrote the best-sellers "Jurassic Park," "The Andromeda Strain," "Sphere" and "Rising Sun," has died in Los Angeles, his public relations firm said in a news release. American author, screenwriter, and film director (19422008), "Mediasaurus: The Decline of Conventional Media", "Ritual Abuse, Hot Air, and Missed Opportunities: Science Views Media", "The Case for Skepticism on Global Warming", "Testimony before the United States Senate", "Complexity Theory and Environmental Management". ABC agreed provided someone other than Crichton write the script. 2011-10-24 03:31:20. [36], The Terminal Man (1972), is about a psychomotor epileptic sufferer, Harry Benson, who regularly suffers seizures followed by blackouts, and conducts himself inappropriately during seizures, waking up hours later with no knowledge of what he has done. [66] It was made into the 1997 film two years later, again directed by Spielberg. [82], On July 28, 2016, Crichton's website and HarperCollins announced the publication of a third posthumous novel, titled Dragon Teeth, which he had written in 1974. In a gray suit, dark tie and wire-rim glasses, Crichton was dressed like an off-duty professor, which he was in a way. [94] He often sought to utilize computing in films, such as Westworld, which was the first film to employ computer-generated special effects. WebMichael Crichton died of lymphoma in 2008. [124], Crichton had an extensive collection of 20th-century American art, which Christie's auctioned in May 2010.[125]. He was tall, gangly and awkward, and used writing as a way to escape; Mark Twain and Alfred Hitchcock were his role models. A review in Nature found the novel "likely to mislead the unwary". Did Michael crichton An obituary will follow on nytimes.com. [63], In 1992, Crichton published the novel Rising Sun, an international bestselling crime thriller about a murder in the Los Angeles headquarters of Nakamoto, a fictional Japanese corporation. [53], A book of autobiographical writings, Travels was published in 1988. Michael Crichton John Michael Crichton ( /kratn/; October 23, 1942 November 4, 2008) was an American author, screenwriter, and film director and producer best known for his work in the science fiction, thriller, and medical fiction genres. His books have sold over 200 million copies worldwide, and over a dozen have been adapted This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. [15] His third John Lange novel, Easy Go (1968), is the story of Harold Barnaby, a brilliant Egyptologist who discovers a concealed message while translating hieroglyphics informing him of an unnamed pharaoh whose tomb is yet to be discovered. The studio felt he had departed from the source material too much and had another writer adapt it for the 1974 film. Neal Baer, a physician who became an executive producer on "ER," was a fourth-year medical student at Harvard University when Wells, a longtime friend, sent him Crichton's script. "No lunch with Michael lasted less than three hours and no subject was too prosaic or obscure to attract his interest. [77], In 2006, Crichton clashed with journalist Michael Crowley, a senior editor of the magazine The New Republic. Here he explains in detail why complexity theory is essential to environmental management, using the history of Yellowstone Park as an example of what not to do. The speech was delivered to a group of legislative staffers in Washington, D.C. on September 14, 2006. Author Michael Crichton dies of cancer - CTVNews What did Michael Crichton die of? - Answers In Five Patients, Crichton examines a brief history of medicine up to 1969 to help place hospital culture and practice into context, and addresses the costs and politics of American healthcare. [78] In the same year, Crichton published the novel Next, which contains a minor character named "Mick Crowley", who is a Yale graduate and a Washington, D.C.based political columnist. Crichton added an "e" to the surname and substituted his own real first name, John, for Andrew. 1996), Geoffrey Williams claimed that Jurassic Park violated his copyright covering his dinosaur-themed children's stories published in the late 1980s. The book continued the preoccupation in Crichton's novels with machine-human interaction and technology. Lynn Neary, NPR News, Washington. 3 Learn More: Causes and Risk Factors for Cancer Does nicotine cause cancer? He also directed: Coma (1978), The First Great Train Robbery (1978), Looker (1981), and Runaway (1984). ", He was an experimenter and popularizer known for his stories of disaster and systematic breakdown, such as the rampant microbe of "The Andromeda Strain" or the dinosaurs running madly in "Jurassic Park." It was also through Spielberg's Amblin Entertainment that John Wells was contacted to be the show's executive producer. Sci-Fi Giant Michael Crichton Dies at 66 | WIRED But when I go do research, it's much more difficult now. but what it's about. (Copyright 2008 The Associated Press. But that's because people didn't design them right.[109]. [20][31][32] The book follows each of five patients through their hospital experience and the context of their treatment, revealing inadequacies in the hospital institution at the time. ", His books seemed designed to provoke debate, whether the theories of quantum physics in "Timeline," the reverse sexual discrimination of "Disclosure" or the spectre of Japanese eminence in "Rising Sun. Kids had freedom. Some substances and exposures directly damage DNA, while lifestyle factors (e.g. Crichton often employs the premise of diverse experts or specialists assembled to tackle a unique problem requiring their individual talents and knowledge. What kind of Cancer did Michael Crichton die from? - Answers As he neared writing the end of each book, he would rise increasingly early each day, meaning that he would sleep for less than four hours by going to bed at 10p.m. and waking at 2am. As a result of these experiences, Crichton practiced meditation throughout much of his life. According to The New York Times. [14] Odds On is a 215-page paperback novel which describes an attempted robbery in an isolated hotel on Costa Brava. The novel earned him an Edgar Award in 1969. In third grade, he wrote a nine-page play that his father typed for him using carbon paper so the other kids would know their parts. "[8], Crichton had always planned on becoming a writer and began his studies at Harvard College in 1960. When was Michael Crichton born? [123], As a pop novelist, he was divine. [13], The first novel that was published under Crichton's name was The Andromeda Strain (1969), which proved to be the most important novel of his career and established him as a bestselling author. Web"Novel" redirects here. He stooped a little as we ambled along so I wouldn't feel too short. And in "Jurassic Park," its dinosaurs brought back to life by ancient DNA. We're making the technology and it is a manifestation of how we think. Crichton then wrote and directed an adaptation of his own book, The Great Train Robbery (1978), starring Sean Connery and Donald Sutherland. He died at age 66 on November 4, 2008. Michael Crichton, the million-selling author who made scientific research terrifying and irresistible in such thrillers as Jurassic Park, Timeline and The WebHere is the text from that ad: Meet Michael Crichton, a man whose creative landscape ranges from the ragtag intrigues of 19th century London to the threatening predictions of a future we can only imagine. "If we put everything in the hands of experts and if we say that as intelligent outsiders, we are not qualified to look over the shoulder of anybody, then we're in some kind of really weird world," he said. He stated: "Environmentalism needs to be absolutely based in objective and verifiable science, it needs to be rational, and it needs to be flexible. Pat Sajak was noticeably absent during the bonus round in the Wheel of Fortune episode that aired on Wednesday, April 26, 2023. Study now. His initial storyline began with American scientists discovering a 300-year-old spaceship underwater with stenciled markings in English. Crichton noted that, because the book was "fairly long", his script only had about 10% to 20% of the novel's content. All the Crichton books depend to a certain extent on a little frisson of fear and suspense: that's what kept you turning the pages. Eaters of the Dead is narrated as a scientific commentary on an old manuscript and was inspired by two sources. To the extent that we think egotistically and irrationally and paranoically and foolishly, then we have technology that will give us nuclear winters or cars that won't brake. WebMichael Crichton died of throat cancer. These books thrive on yarn spinning, but they also take immense delight in the inner workings of things (as opposed to people, women especially), and they make the worldor the made-up world, anywayseem boundlessly interesting. It would later be adapted into the film The Carey Treatment (1972). One can read the books in an hour and a half, and be more satisfactorily amused than watching Doris Day. The novel was adapted into the 1998 film directed by Barry Levinson and starring Dustin Hoffman.[52]. He was always pushing himself and though he wasn't the most poetic of writers, I admired his mind, his energy, his productivity and his insatiable curiosity. In the early life of "ER," Crichton, who hadn't been involved in medicine for years, and Spielberg would take part in writers' room discussions. In the taxi on my way to meet Michael Crichton in Manhattan in 1999, I glanced at an article that mentioned his height. During the 1970s and 1980s, he consulted psychics and enlightenment gurus to make him feel more socially acceptable and to improve his positive karma. He later read the transcripts of the court trial and started researching the historical period. According to Fred Barnes, Bush and Crichton "talked for an hour and were in near-total agreement. [137], On January 25, 2005, at the National Press Club in Washington, D.C., Crichton delivered a detailed explanation of why he criticized the consensus view on global warming. Flawed or misleading presentations of global warming science exist in the book, including those on Arctic sea ice thinning, correction of land-based temperature measurements for the urban heat island effect, and satellite vs. ground-based measurements of Earth's warming. "[17][15], Crichton's fourth novel was A Case of Need (1968), a medical thriller. When, in fact, it almost certainly isn't. Some time later I called Hitchens and the conversation wound around to that morning in Manhattan. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information. I walked to school. [39] Crichton then wrote and directed the 1973 low-budget science fiction western-thriller film Westworld about robots that run amok, which was his feature film directorial debut. A private funeral is planned. In 1974, he wrote a pilot script for a medical series, "24 Hours", based on his book Five Patients, however, networks were not enthusiastic. michael Prey brings together themes from two earlier Crichton best-selling novels, "I have a lot of trouble with things that don't seem true to me," Crichton said at the time, his large, manicured hands gesturing to his graphs. [28] Grave Descend earned him an Edgar Award nomination the following year. His next novel, Disclosure, published in 1994, addresses the theme of sexual harassment previously explored in his 1972 novel, Binary. [97], In 1998, A United States District Court in Missouri heard the case of Kessler v. Crichton that actually went all the way to a jury trial, unlike the other cases. "[13], In 1965, while at Harvard Medical School, Crichton wrote a novel, Odds On. The book relates the experiences of Ralph Orlando, a construction worker seriously injured in a scaffold collapse; John O'Connor, a middle-aged dispatcher suffering from fever that has reduced him to a delirious wreck; Peter Luchesi, a young man who severs his hand in an accident; Sylvia Thompson, an airline passenger who suffers chest pains; and Edith Murphy, a mother of three who is diagnosed with a life-threatening disease. [30] The novel was adapted into a 1974 film directed by Mike Hodges and starring George Segal. What is Michael Crichton's birthday? Spielberg helped develop the show, serving as an executive producer on season one and offering advice (he insisted on Julianna Margulies becoming a regular, for example). A Crichton book was a headlong experience driven by a man who was both a natural storyteller and fiendishly clever when it came to verisimilitude; he made you believe that cloning dinosaurs wasn't just over the horizon but possible tomorrow. [84][85], In addition, some of his published works are being continued by other authors. There is no one in the wings that will ever take his place. Crichton used the pen name John Lange because he planned to become a doctor and did not want his patients to worry that he would use them for his plots. The title was a reference to Arthur Conan Doyle's The Lost World (1912). He was undergoing chemotherapy treatment at the time of his death, and Crichton's physicians and relatives had been expecting him to recover. [119] In accordance with the private way in which Crichton lived, his cancer was not made public until his death. He said he ached now and then from old sports injuries; he had played basketball for a couple of years at Harvard University. [80], Several novels that were in various states of completion upon Crichton's death have since been published. [48] Eventually a film version was made in 1995 by Frank Marshall. WebMichael Crichton, the million-selling author of such historical and prehistorical science thrillers as "Jurassic Park," "Timeline" and "The Andromeda Strain," has died of cancer, This story may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without the prior written authority of The Associated Press. [99], His views would be contested by a number of scientists and commentators. Crichton praised Hitchens' most recent book, quoting chapter and verse. [9][pageneeded] Crichton later said "about two weeks into medical school I realized I hated it. The first three chapters retell Ahmad ibn Fadlan's personal account of his journey north and his experiences in encountering the Rus', a Varangian tribe, whilst the remainder is based upon the story of Beowulf, culminating in battles with the 'mist-monsters', or 'wendol', a relict group of Neanderthals.[42][43]. Several commentators have interpreted this as a reference to State of Fear.[102][103][104][105]. He visited the Cannes Film Festival and Monaco Grand Prix, and then decided, "any idiot should be able to write a potboiler set in Cannes and Monaco", and wrote it in eleven days. It ended in 1983. Crichton was best known for scary stories of science gone wrong in popular books like The Andromeda Strain and Jurassic Park. [9][pageneeded], Three more Crichton books under pseudonyms were published in 1970. Then his brother rewrote it from beginning to end, and then Crichton rewrote it again. Called one of the greatest rock guitarists, Van Halen felt a callus on his tongue in 2000. Author Michael Crichton Dies Of Cancer The master of the "techno thriller," Michael Crichton, has died at the age of 66. Initially writing under a pseudonym, he eventually wrote 26 novels, including: The Andromeda Strain (1969), The Terminal Man (1972), The Great Train Robbery (1975), Congo (1980), Sphere (1987), Jurassic Park (1990), Rising Sun (1992), Disclosure (1994), The Lost World (1995), Airframe (1996), Timeline (1999), Prey (2002), State of Fear (2004), and Next (2006). He is a Harvard Medical School graduate who chose not to pursue a medical career. There is no one in the wings that will ever take his place.". "[13] He began publishing book reviews under his name. Crichton stood up and introduced himself. I mean, this is really interesting. NEARY: A number of Crichton's books were made into films, which led to a career in Hollywood as a screenwriter and producer. [89], On December 15, 2022, it was announced that James Patterson will coauthor a novel about a mega-eruption of Hawaiis Mauna Loa volcano, based on an unfinished manuscript by Crichton. The film was a popular success. Unfortunately, he died at the early age of 66 due to cancer. "Whatever I am doing," he told me, "I wish I were doing one of the other things.". Some of us reporters who spend our days listening to other people describe their lives and dreams are struck when a subject asks questions about us. He started writing when he was young, even while he was a student at Harvard Medical School. Ms. LAURA DERN: (As Dr. Ellie Sattler) You said you've got a T-Rex? [12] Crichton later enrolled at Harvard Medical School. If not a literary giant, he was a physical one, standing 6 feet and 9 inches, and ready for battle with the press. In his first big hit under his own name, "The Andromeda Strain," a deadly microorganism brought to earth aboard an American space probe threatens a small town. "I'm very uncomfortable just accepting. He had never worked that way before, usually writing the book then selling it. 1 bestseller position at Amazon.com and No. "[144], In 2002, a genus of ankylosaurid, Crichtonsaurus bohlini, was named in his honor. The authoritative record of NPRs programming is the audio record. [96], In the 1996 case, Williams v. Crichton, 84 F.3d 581 (2d Cir. The name came from cultural anthropologist Andrew Lang. NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. NEARY: Crichton's death came after what his family described as a private and courageous struggle with cancer. Michael Crichton His long-time publicist, Joe Marich, told CTV.ca that Crichton was 66 at the time of his death. But a deeper source of their appeal was the author's extravagant care in working out the clockwork mechanics of his experimentsthe DNA replication in Jurassic Park, the time travel in Timeline, the submarine technology in Sphere. Jurassic Park Crichton said the book earned him $1,500 (equivalent to $11,689 in 2021) . John Michael Crichton[1] was born on October 23, 1942, in Chicago, Illinois,[2][3][4][5] to John Henderson Crichton, a journalist, and Zula Miller Crichton, a homemaker. I call these the "wet streets cause rain" stories. He used this term to describe the phenomenon of experts believing news articles written on topics outside of their fields of expertise, yet acknowledging that articles written in the same publication within their fields of expertise are error-ridden and full of misunderstanding:[143], Media carries with it a credibility that is totally undeserved. See answer (1) Best Answer. Crichton was inspired to write it after reading The IPCRESS File by Len Deighton while studying in England. The two divorced in 1970. The book continued Crichton's overall theme of the failure of humans in human-machine interaction, given that the plane worked perfectly and the accident would not have occurred had the pilot reacted properly. Michael Crichton, the million-selling author who made scientific research terrifying and irresistible in such thrillers as "Jurassic Park," "Timeline" and "The Many of his books became major Hollywood movies, including "Jurassic Park," "Rising Sun" and "Disclosure." He spoke on why societies are morally unjustified in spending vast sums on a speculative issue when people around the world are dying of starvation and disease. When did Michael Crichton die? [37] Crichton was hired to adapt his novel The Terminal Man into a script by Warner Bros. All rights reserved. Best-selling author and filmaker Michael Crichton died unexpectedly in Los Angeles Tuesday, after a courageous and private battle against cancer, his family said in I rode my bike for miles and miles, to the movie on Main Street and piano lessons and the like. Crichton was also a popular public speaker. Michael Crichton, the best-selling author of Jurassic Park and the creative force behind the TV show ER, died Tuesday at the age of 66. [30], Aside from fiction, Crichton wrote several other books based on medical or scientific themes, often based upon his own observations in his field of expertise. WebMichael Crichton was best known for "Jurassic Park," "The Andromeda Strain," and other thrillers about science gone wrong. When was Michael Crichton born? What is Michael Crichton's birthday? The Antarctic ice sheet is actually expected to increase in mass over the next 100 years due to increased precipitation, according to the IPCC. Example video title will go here for this video. Crichton outlined several issues before a joint meeting of liberal and conservative think tanks. We met and strolled a few blocks to the Cafe des Artistes on the Upper West Side. A 2003 film based on the book was directed by Richard Donner and starring Paul Walker, Gerard Butler and Frances O'Connor. Crichton came close to directing a film of Congo with Sean Connery, but the film did not happen. There's something in me that wants to pound the table and say, 'That's not true.'". Copy. Crichton was super-curious and asked all kinds of questions. Crichton received an M.D. He died of cancer at age 66. Accuracy and availability may vary. [14] Crichton later said: "My feeling about the Lange books is that my competition is in-flight movies. HarperCollins will be publishing The Andromeda Evolutionthe sequel to the breakthrough novel, The", "HARPERCOLLINS PUBLISHERS ANNOUNCES THE PUBLICATION OF THE ANDROMEDA EVOLUTION, THE SEQUEL TO MICHAEL CRICHTON'S WORLDWIDE BESTSELLING NOVEL THE ANDROMEDA STRAIN", "Michael Crichton's Unpublished Work Will Be Developed as TV and Film Projects", "James Patterson To Co-Author Novel With Late Michael Crichton From Unfinished Manuscript On Hawaii Volcano Mega-Eruption", "Spielberg, Crichton Cleared in 'Twister' Piracy Suit", "Comment: Michael Crichton testifies on global warming", "Crichton's Thriller State of Fear: Separating Fact from Fiction", "How Michael Crichton struck fear into the bestseller list", "Builder of Windup Realms That Thrillingly Run Amok", "Michael Crichton / Reflections of a New Designer", "Michael Crichton chats about his new book and life as an author", "Biographical Summaries of Notable People", "Jurassic President - Michael Crichton's scariest creation", "Crichton: Environmentalism is a religion", "Best-Selling Author Michael Crichton Dies", "Stephen King Tribute to Michael Crichton", "Jasper Johns' "Flag" brings record price at auction of Michael Crichton's estate", "Genomes, gender and the psychodynamics of a scientific crisis: A psychoanalytic reading of Michael Crichton's genomics novels", "Edgar Award Winners and Nominees Database", "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement", "RealClimate: Adventures on the East Side", "Michael Crichton: Environmentalism is a Religion", "An Afternoon with Michael Crichton: In collaboration with The Smithsonian Associates", "Michael Crichton Fear and Complexity and Environmental Management in the 21st Century", https://web.archive.org/web/20080513233120/http://www.michaelcrichton.com/speech-legislativestaffers.html, Musings on Michael Crichton News and Analysis on his Life and Works, Complete bibliography and cover gallery of the first editions, Comprehensive listing and info on Michael Crichton's complete works, Dealing: Or the Berkeley-to-Boston Forty-Brick Lost-Bag Blues, Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Motion Picture Screenplay, Writers Guild of America Award for Television: Long Form Original, Lego Jurassic World: Legend of Isla Nublar, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michael_Crichton&oldid=1151265554, 20th-century American non-fiction writers, 21st-century American non-fiction writers, Academy Award for Technical Achievement winners, Television producers from New York (state), CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from September 2015, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Association of American Medical Writers Award, 1970, This page was last edited on 22 April 2023, at 23:13.

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